Many questions have been following since the outbreak of the new kurta virus "Covid-19" from Wuhan, China, last December, which has exceeded 92,000 global infections and 3100 deaths.
Here we present 40 questions about the virus and its response, noting that the information below is drawn from sources, most notably WHO publications:
1- What is the Coronavirus?
Coronaviruses are a large group of viruses that may cause disease in animals and humans. It is known that several coronaviruses in humans cause respiratory infections that range from common colds to more severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The recently discovered Coronavirus causes the Corvid-19 virus.
2- What is Covid 19 disease?
Covid-19 is an infectious disease caused by the recently discovered Coronavirus. There was no knowledge of this virus and this emerging disease before its outbreak in the Chinese city of Johan in December 2019.
3- What are the symptoms of Covid-19 disease?
The most common symptoms of Covid-19 disease are fever, fatigue, and dry cough. Some patients may experience pain and aches, nasal congestion, cold, sore throat or diarrhea. These symptoms are usually mild and gradual. Some people become infected without showing any symptoms and without feeling ill. Most people (about 80%) recover from the disease without the need for special treatment.
And the severity of the disease intensifies in approximately one person out of every 6 people who develop Covid-19 infection, who suffer from difficulty breathing. Older people and people with basic medical problems, such as high blood pressure, heart disease or diabetes, are more likely to develop severe diseases. About 2% of people who have contracted the disease have died. People with fever, cough and difficulty breathing should seek medical care.
4- Were there any previous expectations for the emergence and mutation of the Coruna virus?
There are always expectations of viruses mutating based on experiences gained throughout the history of dealing with viruses and such mutations have appeared in several viruses, the most famous of which are influenza, corona, and others. But it is impossible to determine how, when and where the mutation occurs, so WHO always focuses on the importance of preparedness, preparedness and completion of infrastructure in different countries to rapidly respond and respond to an outbreak of viral mutation.
5- How is Covid-19 disease spread?
People can become infected with Covid-19 disease by other people who have the virus. The disease can be transmitted from person to person through small droplets scattered from the nose or mouth when the person with Covid-19 coughs.
These droplets fall on the objects and surfaces surrounding the person. Other people can then develop Covid-19 disease when they come into contact with these objects or surfaces and then touch their eyes, nose, or mouth. People can also get Covid-19 disease if they breathe droplets that come out of the person with the disease with a cough or exhale. So it is important to get away from the sick person more than one meter (3 feet).
Many questions have been following since the outbreak of the new kurta virus "Covid-19" from Wuhan, China, last December, which has exceeded 92,000 global infections and 3100 deaths.
Here we present 40 questions about the virus and its response, noting that the information below is drawn from sources, most notably WHO publications:
1- What is the Coronavirus?
Coronaviruses are a large group of viruses that may cause disease in animals and humans. It is known that some coronaviruses in humans cause respiratory infections that range from common colds to more severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The recently discovered Coronavirus causes the Corvid-19 virus.
2- What is Covid 19 disease?
Covid-19 is an infectious disease caused by the recently discovered Coronavirus. There was no knowledge of this virus and this emerging disease before its outbreak in the Chinese city of Johan in December 2019.
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3- What are the symptoms of Covid-19 disease?
The most common symptoms of Covid-19 disease are fever, fatigue, and dry cough. Some patients may experience pain and aches, nasal congestion, cold, sore throat or diarrhea. These symptoms are usually mild and gradual. Some people become infected without showing any symptoms and without feeling ill. Most people (about 80%) recover from the disease without the need for special treatment.
And the severity of the disease intensifies in approximately one person out of every 6 people who develop Covid-19 infection, who suffer from difficulty breathing. Older people and people with basic medical problems, such as high blood pressure, heart disease or diabetes, are more likely to develop severe diseases. About 2% of people who have contracted the disease have died. People with fever, cough and difficulty breathing should seek medical care.
4- Were there any previous expectations for the emergence and mutation of the Coruna virus?
There are always expectations of viruses mutating based on experiences gained throughout the history of dealing with viruses and such mutations have appeared in several viruses, the most famous of which are influenza, corona, and others. But it is impossible to determine how, when and where the mutation occurs, so WHO always focuses on the importance of preparedness, preparedness and completion of infrastructure in different countries to rapidly respond and respond to an outbreak of viral mutation.
5- How is Covid-19 disease spread?
People can become infected with Covid-19 disease by other people who have the virus. The disease can be transmitted from person to person through small droplets scattered from the nose or mouth when the person with Covid-19 coughs.
These droplets fall on the objects and surfaces surrounding the person. Other people can then develop Covid-19 disease when they come into contact with these objects or surfaces and then touch their eyes, nose, or mouth. People can also get Covid-19 disease if they breathe droplets that come out of the person with the disease with a cough or exhale. So it is important to get away from the sick person more than one meter (3 feet).
6- Can the virus cause Covid-19 to be transmitted through the air?
Studies carried out to date indicate that the virus that causes Covid-19 disease is transmitted primarily through contact with respiratory droplets rather than through the air.
7- Can a person get sick through an asymptomatic person?
The main method of transmission of the disease is the respiratory droplets that a person secretes when coughing. The risk of Covid-19 disease is diminished by someone asymptomatic. But many people with the disease have only slight symptoms. This is especially true in the early stages of the disease. So it is possible to catch Covid-19 disease by a person who suffers from a mild cough and does not feel ill. WHO is assessing ongoing research on the transmission period of Covid-19 and will continue to publish the latest findings.
8- Can a person be infected with Covid-19 disease by stooling a person with the disease?
The risk of transmission of Covid-19 disease through the stool of an infected person is limited. While initial investigations indicate that the virus may be present in feces in some cases, its spread through this pathway is not a major feature of the outbreak.
WHO is assessing ongoing research on ways to spread Covid-19 disease and will continue to publish new findings. But given the risks involved, it is another reason to clean hands regularly after using the toilet and before eating.
9- How can I protect myself and prevent the spread of the disease?
• Clean your hands regularly by rubbing them with an alcohol disinfectant for hands or by washing them with soap and water, as cleaning your hands with soap and water or scrubbing them with an alcohol disinfectant would kill the viruses that may be on your hands.
• Keep a distance of at least one meter (3 feet) between you and any person coughing or sneezing.
Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth, as hands touch many surfaces and can catch viruses. If the hands are contaminated, they may transfer the virus to the eyes, nose, or mouth. The virus can enter the body through these outlets and make you sick.
• Ensure that you and those around you follow good respiratory practices. This means covering your mouth and nose with your bent elbow or tissue paper when coughing or sneezing, and then immediately disposing of the used tissue.
Stay at home if you feel sick. If you have a fever, cough, and trouble breathing, seek medical attention and contact your care provider before going to him. Follow the directions of the local health authorities.
• Ensure that you and those around you follow good respiratory practices. This means covering your mouth and nose with your bent elbow or tissue paper when coughing or sneezing, and then immediately disposing of the used tissue.
Stay at home if you feel sick. If you have a fever, cough, and trouble breathing, seek medical attention and contact your care provider before going to him. Follow the directions of the local health authorities.
10- Who is at risk of developing the severe disease as a result of corona?
We still know the impact of Covid-19 disease on people, yet it appears that the elderly and people with pre-existing medical conditions (such as high blood pressure, heart disease, and diabetes) have a more severe disease than others.
11- Are antibiotics effective in preventing or treating Covid-2019 disease?
No. Antibiotics do not eliminate viruses, they only kill bacterial infections. Since Covid-19 disease is caused by a virus, antibiotics do not eliminate it. Antibiotics should not be used as a means to prevent or treat Covid-19 disease. It should only be used following the doctor's instructions to treat bacterial infections.
12- Is there a vaccine, medicine, or treatment for Covid-2019?
Not yet. To date, there is neither a vaccine nor a specific antiviral medication to prevent or treat Covid-2019 disease. However, those with it should receive care to relieve symptoms. People with severe illness should be hospitalized. Most patients recover with supportive care.
13- Is Covid-19 disease the same as SARS?
No. The virus that causes Covid-19 disease and that which causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) have a genetic link but they are different. SARS is more deadly, but it is much less infectious than Covid-19. SARS has not spread anywhere in the world since 2003.
14- Should I use a mask to protect myself?
People without respiratory symptoms such as coughing do not have to use medical masks. The organization recommends the use of a muzzle for people with symptoms of Covid-19 disease and those who care for people with symptoms such as coughing and fever. Muzzle use is extremely important for health workers and people who care for a patient (at home or in a health care facility).
The most effective ways to protect yourself and others from Covid-19 disease are by keeping your hands clean, covering the mouth when coughing by bending the elbow or a tissue, and staying at least 1 meter (3 feet) from people who cough or sneeze.
15- What is the correct way to apply, use, remove and dispose of the muzzle?
Remember that the use of the muzzle should be limited to health workers, caregivers and people with respiratory symptoms such as fever and coughing.
Before touching the muzzle, clean your hands by rubbing them with an alcohol cleaner or by washing them with soap and water.
Hold the muzzle and check it to make sure it is not torn or perforated.
- Select the top end of the muzzle (the position of the metal bar).
- Make sure to point the correct side of the muzzle out (the colored side).
Place the muzzle on your face. Press the metallic tape or the hardened tip of the muzzle to shape your nose.
Pull the bottom of the muzzle to cover your mouth and chin.
- After use, remove the muzzle by removing the elastic band from behind the ears, keeping the muzzle away from your face and clothes to avoid coming into contact with potentially contaminated muzzle parts.
Dispose of used muzzle immediately by throwing it in a closed waste bin.
- Clean your hands after touching the muzzle or throwing it by rubbing it with an alcohol disinfectant, or by washing them with soap and water if they are clearly dirty.
16- How long does Covid Disease-19 incubation take?
The term "incubation" refers to the period from infection with the virus to the onset of symptoms of the disease. Most estimates of the incubation period for Covid-19 disease range from 1 to 14 days, and usually last five days.
17- Can Covid-19 infection be transmitted to humans from an animal source?
Coronaviruses are a large group of viruses common among bats and animals. People rarely become infected with these viruses, which they then pass on to others. Examples are the Coronavirus that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), which has been associated with civet cats, and the Coronavirus, which causes respiratory syndrome in the Middle East, which is transmitted through camels. The potential animal sources of Covid-19 disease have not been confirmed.
To protect yourself, for example, when visiting live animal markets, avoid direct contact with animals and surfaces in contact with animals. Be sure to follow good food safety practices at all times by taking due care when dealing with raw meat, raw milk, and animal organs to avoid contamination of uncooked food, and avoid eating raw or undercooked animal products.
18- Can Covid-19 be infected by a pet?
No. No data is indicating that domestic or domestic animals such as cats and dogs have been infected with Covid-19 disease or can spread the virus that causes this disease.
19- How long does the virus stay alive on rooftops?
It is not known with certainty how long the virus that causes Covid-19 is alive on the surfaces, but it appears to be similar to other coronaviruses. Studies indicate that coronaviruses (including preliminary information about the virus that causes Covid-19 disease) may remain alive on surfaces for a few hours or several days. This may vary depending on conditions (such as surface type, temperature, or environmental humidity).
If you think a surface may be contaminated, clean it with a regular antiseptic to kill the virus and protect yourself and others. Clean your hands by rubbing them with an alcohol cleaner or by washing them with soap and water, and avoid touching your eyes, mouth, or nose.
20- Is it safe to receive parcels from areas that have reported cases of Covid-19 disease?
Yes. The risk of contamination of commercial goods by an infected person is low, and the risk of contracting the virus that causes Covid-19 disease by expelling transport, shipping, and exposure to various conditions and temperatures is minimal.
21- Are there ineffective matters to confront Corona?
The following measures are ineffective against Covid-19 disease and may even be harmful:
Smoking
Taking traditional herbal remedies
• Use of multiple masks
Self-medication, such as taking antibiotics
In any case, if you have a fever, cough and difficulty breathing, seek medical attention early to reduce the risk of developing a more severe infection, and be sure to inform the health care provider of any places you have traveled recently.
22- Can the Corona Covid 19 virus be transmitted by mosquito bites?
The virus cannot be transmitted by mosquito bites.
23- Can urine in children protect against coronavirus?
Children's urine cannot protect against the emerging coronavirus. Urine does not kill viruses or germs. In fact, urine may contain small amounts of viral or bacterial substances.
Washing your hands or cleaning surfaces in children's urine will not protect you from the emerging coronavirus. Instead, clean your hands frequently with an alcohol-based hand sanitizer or wash them with soap and water. Clean surfaces with familiar household antiseptics.
24- Can cold and snow kill Coronavirus?
Cold and snow cannot kill emerging coronavirus.
25- Can the emerging coronavirus be transmitted by things like coins and banknotes?
The risk of developing a new coronavirus due to contact with things, including coins, banknotes, or credit cards, is very low.
26- Can the Coronavirus spread by air over long distances?
No. Coronaviruses are viruses that do not spread through the air over long distances, and the emerging coronavirus is a respiratory virus that is transmitted mainly through droplets secreted by an infected person during coughing or sneezing, or through saliva droplets or nasal secretions. Because of their heavyweight, these droplets cannot be transported with air. You can also become infected from touching your eyes, mouth, or nose after coming into contact with a contaminated surface.
27- Are hand dryers (available in public toilets, for example) effective in eliminating the emerging coronavirus within 30 seconds?
No. Hand dryers are not effective in eliminating emerging coronavirus. To protect yourself from the new virus, you should always clean your hands by rubbing them with an alcohol disinfectant or washing them with soap and water. After cleaning your hands, they should be thoroughly dried with a tissue or hot air dryers.
28- Can UV sterilizers destroy the new Coronavirus?
UV lamps should not be used to sterilize hands or any other parts of the skin, as these rays can cause allergic reactions to the skin.
29- Does spraying the body with alcohol or chlorine help to eliminate the new Coronavirus?
No, spraying the body with alcohol or chlorine will not eliminate viruses that have already entered your body. It may even be harmful to clothing or mucous membranes (such as the eyes and mouth). However, both alcohol and chlorine may be beneficial for the disinfection of surfaces, but they should be used by appropriate recommendations.
30- Is it safe to receive messages or parcels from China?
Yes, safe. Receiving parcels from China does not put people at risk of contracting the emerging coronavirus. Analysis by the WHO showed that coronaviruses do not live for long on things, such as letters or parcels.
31- Do anti-pneumonia vaccines protect against the emerging coronavirus?
Anti-pneumonia vaccines, such as the pneumococcal vaccine and Haemophilus influenzae type B vaccine, do not provide protection against the emerging coronavirus.
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This virus is completely new and different and needs its own vaccine. Researchers are working to develop a new vaccine for the new Coronavirus-2019 vaccine, and WHO is supporting these efforts.
Although these vaccines are ineffective against the emerging SK-2019 virus, it is highly recommended to have a vaccination against respiratory diseases to protect your health.
32- Does regular rinsing of the nose with saline help prevent infection with the emerging coronavirus?
No, there is no evidence that regular washing of the nose with a saline solution prevents infection with the emerging coronavirus.
33- Does eating garlic help prevent infection with the emerging coronavirus?
Garlic is healthy food, and it has some antimicrobial properties. However, there is no evidence from the current outbreak to prove that eating garlic prevents infection with the emerging coronavirus.
34- Does applying sesame oil to skin prevent the emergence of the emerging coronavirus in the body?
No, sesame oil does not eliminate the emerging coronavirus. Some chemical disinfectants kill the Coronavirus on surfaces. Antiseptics include bleaches, chlorine and other solvents, ethanol at a concentration of 75%, peroxyacetic acid, and chloroform. However, its effect on the virus is weak or non-existent if applied to the skin or just below the nose. Rather, it is dangerous to apply these chemicals to the skin.
35- Are diabetics more susceptible to infection with the coronavirus?
Yes, as the German Diabetes Association warned that diabetics are more likely to be infected with the emerging coronavirus, especially for people with or associated with diabetes, such as circulatory problems and damaged kidneys.
The association explained that if these people were infected with the Coronavirus, the disease would take a severe and life-threatening course.
To avoid these risks, the association stressed the need to take care to control the level of sugar in the blood, taking into account adherence to the general health requirements, where hands should be washed with soap for not less than 20 seconds regularly, taking into account the cleaning of the spaces between the fingers and the back of the hand as well, As well as avoiding human gatherings as much as possible.
36- Can someone who has recovered from a coronavirus episode be infected again?
Yes. It turns out that some of those who were previously infected with the emerging virus "Covid-19" and recovered from it, have contracted it again after their recovery.
37- What is a quarantine?
Quarantine is a procedure for people who have been exposed to an infectious disease, and that is if they are sick or not.
In quarantine, the persons concerned are required to remain at home or elsewhere to prevent further spread of the disease to others and to carefully monitor the effects of the disease on them and their health.
38- What is insulation?
Isolation is a more separate procedure for individuals suffering from an infectious disease, who may easily pass it on to the surroundings. In isolation, these individuals usually remain separated from others within a health care facility, the isolated person has his own room, and health care professionals take certain precautions to deal with him, such as wearing protective clothing.
39- Who is responsible for imposing stone or isolation?
The Ministry of Health is the body responsible for the decision to implement quarantine or isolation, whether inside a hospital or even inside homes and here citizens must adhere to the decision to isolate.
40- How does the Coronavirus attack the human body?
The first outlet to communicate with the emerging covid-19 virus is the lungs, and it attacks two specific groups of cells in the lungs, one of which is called the goblet cell, and the other is called the ciliated cell.
The goblet cells produce the mucus that forms a moisturizing layer on the respiratory tract, which is important to help maintain the moisture of the lungs, thus maintaining health.
The ciliary cells are cells with hairs that point upward, and their function is to shovel any harmful substance suspended in mucus, such as bacteria, viruses, and dust particles, towards the throat to get rid of them.
Coronavirus, in turn, infects these two groups of cells and begins to kill them, and its tissues begin to fall and collect in the lungs, and the lungs begin to become obstructed, which means that the patient has pneumonia.
Also, there is another problem, which is that the body's immune system tries to respond because it realizes that the body is under attack, and this may lead to an overload of immunity, and then the immune system makes a major attack that damages healthy tissues in the lung, and this also may make breathing more difficult.
The virus not only attacks the lungs but also the kidneys, which can lead to kidney failure and later died.
41- On which sex does the SK virus pose the greatest danger?
Coronavirus is more dangerous for men than women, and specialists believe that the low mortality rate among women is mainly due to the strength of the female's immune system, and they emphasized that women can fight the new mutant virus.
Source: New York Times, websites
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